Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes PDF [2023-24]

Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes. Information Technology code 402 Unit 3 – RDBMS Notes PDF for board exam 2024.

Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes

Here are the best notes for Class 10 IT 402 Part B: Subject Specific Skills Unit 3 – RDBMS.

Let’s Start studying the Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes.

RDBMS NOTES PDF – NCERT HIGHLIGHTED

Session 1: APPRECIATE THE CONCEPT OF DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

Database: A Database is an organized collection of data, it can be visualized as a container of information.

Database Management System: DBMS is a software package with computer programs that control the creation, maintenance, and use of a database. A database is a collection of data and DBMS allows different user application programs to concurrently access the same database. Examples of DBMS – Oracle, MySQL, FoxPro, IBM DB2, Microsoft SQL Server, OpenOffice.org Base, and Microsoft Access.

Organization of Data: Data can be organized in two ways –

1. Flat File: Data is stored in a single table. This is usually suitable for less amount of data.
2. Relational: Data is stored in multiples tables which are linked by a common field. This is suitable for medium to large amount of data.

Database Servers: These are dedicated computer systems that hold the databases and run only the DBMS and related software. Databases are available on database servers and are usually accessed through a command line or Graphic User Interface tools [called Frontend].

Advantages of Database:

1) Reduces Data Redundancy: Database reduces data redundancy. Database reduces Duplication of data, in fact, there is no chance to encounter duplicate data in a database.

2) Sharing of Data: The users of the database can share the data among themselves.

3) Data Integrity: Data integrity means that the data in the database is accurate and consistent.

4) Data Security: Database provides data security as only authorized users are allowed to access the database and their identities are authenticated by using a username and password.

5) Privacy: Only authorized users can access a database according to the database privacy constraints.

6) Backup and Recovery: DBMS automatically takes care of backup and recovery. In case of a crash or system failure, it gets restored to its previous condition.

Features of Database:

• The database has one or more tables.
• Each table has information about one type of item.
• Every table in a database has a key field that makes sure that there are unique values throughout the database.

Keys in a Database:

1) Primary Key: A primary key is a unique value that identifies a row in a table. Primary Key helps the database to quickly search for a record.

2) Composite Primary Key: When a primary key constraint is applied on one or more columns then it is known as Composite Primary Key.

3) Foreign key: The foreign key identifies a column or set of columns in one (referencing) table that refers to a column or set of columns in another (referenced) table.

So here we have completed the first session of Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes. Let’s now move to the second session.

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Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 2 -:

SESSION-2 : CREATE AND EDIT TABLES USING WIZARD & SQL COMMANDS

Database Objects:

1) Table: It is a collection of data elements (values). It consists of vertical columns and horizontal rows where we put the required information.

2) Columns or Fields or Attributes: It is a set of data values of a particularly simple type, one for each row of the table.

3) Rows or Records or Tuples: It represents a single data item in a table. Every row in the table has the same structure.

This session is majorly practical. Database Management System Class 10 Notes for term 2. The Detailed Practical for RDBMS is given below [Must Watch NOW] –

Data Types: These are used to identify which type of data we are going to store in the database. Data types in the OpenOffice base are broadly classified into five categories.

1. Numeric Types
2. Alphanumeric Types
3. Binary Types
4. Date time
5. Other Variable types

Numeric Types: Used for storing information such as mobile number, roll number, door number, etc.

Alphanumeric Types: Used to store information that has alphabets as well as numbers for example address, book summary field, etc. 

Binary Types: Used for storing data in binary formats. This can be used for storing photos, music files, etc.

DATE TIME: Used for storing information such as date of birth, date of admission, date of product sale, etc.

Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 3 -:

SESSION 3: PERFORM OPERATIONS ON TABLE

In the OpenOffice Base, we store data in tables that can be inserted, modified, and removed using suitable options.

Inserting Data In The Table: 

Steps to insert data in a table –

1) Select the table, Double click on it.

2) The table will open in Datasheet View.

3) Insert the required number of records in Datasheet View.

Editing Records In The Table:

Steps to Edit Records in the table –

1) Select the table, Double click on it.

2) The table will open in Datasheet View.

3) Edit the required record in Datasheet View.

Deleting Records From The Table

Steps to remove data from the table –

1) Select the table, Double click on it.

2) The table will open in Datasheet View.

3) Select the data > right click on selected data > select the Delete option

Field Properties :

Steps to set field properties –

1. Select the table > Right-click > Select the option Edit > the table will open in Design View.

There are various properties of fields according to the data type set for each field in the design view.

The properties of numeric type data are given below :

1) AutoValue – if set to yes then the field will get the auto numeric values.

2) AutoValue – if set to no then the field will not get the auto numeric values.

3) Length – By default length of the field is 10 but the size of the field can be set to maximum length.

4) Default Value – A default value can be set for a field if the user doesn’t provide any value while entering the values in the table.

5) Format – This property helps to set the format of the data entered in the field such as 91-222-333.

Database Management System Class 10 Notes 2023-24.

The properties of character type data are shown below :

1) Entry Required – if set to yes then it will be a must to insert the value in the field.

2) Length – By default length of the field is 10 but the size of the field can be set to maximum length.

3) Default Value – A default value can be set for a field if the user doesn’t provide any value while entering the values in the table.

4) Format – This property helps to set the format of the data entered in the field such as 91-222-333.

Sorting Data :

Sorting means arranging the data in either ascending order or descending order.

Referential Integrity :

Referential integrity is used to maintain the accuracy and consistency of data in a relationship. In OpenOffice Base, data can be linked between two or more tables with the help of primary key and foreign key

Referential integrity helps to avoid:

1) Adding records to a related table if there is no associated record available in the primary key table.

2) Changing values in a primary if any dependent records are present in the associated table(s).

3) Deleting records from a primary key table if there are any matching related records available in the associated table(s).

Creating and Editing Relationships between Tables :

A relationship refers to an association or connection between two or more tables. Relationships between tables help to:

1. Save time as there is no need to enter the same data in separate tables.
2. Reduce data-entry errors.
3. Summarize data from related tables.

You can create a relationship between any two tables by selecting the Relationships option from the Tools menu.

There are three types of relationships that can be created in tables:

1) ONE to ONE Relationship: In this relationship, both the tables must have primary key columns.

2) One to Many Relationship: In this relationship, one of the tables must have a primary key column.

3) Many to Many Relationship: In this relationship, no tables have the primary key column.

Remove the Relationships

The relationships applied on the tables can be removed also with the help of the Delete option. Right, Click on the relationship thread and select the Delete option.

Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 4 -:

SESSION 4: RETRIEVE DATA USING QUER

Queries are commands that are used to define the data structure and also to manipulate the data in the database. A query helps us join information from different tables and filter that information

There are two types of languages:-

1. DDL (Data Definition Language)
2. DML (Data Manipulation Language)

Common DDL Statements are:-

1. Create :-  This satement is used to create database or tables.
2. Alter :- This satement is used to modify structure of table.
3. Drop :- This satement is used to delete database objects.

Common DML Statements are:-

1. SELECT :- This satement is used to retrieves information from the database.
2. INSERT :- This satement is used to insert new record into the database.
3. DELETE :- This satement is used for deletion of information in the database.
4. UPDATE :- This satement is used for modification of information in the database

Select Statement :

A SELECT statement retrieves zero or more rows from one or more tables. SELECT is the most commonly used Data Manipulation Language(DML) command. To retrieve all the columns in a table the syntax is SELECT * FROM <Table Name>;

For example, if you want to display all the data from table emp (short form of employee), the command is

Select * from emp;

The SELECT statement has many optional clauses:

1. WHERE specifies which rows to retrieve.
2. ORDER BY specifies an order in which to return the rows.

for example Select * from emp where name = “Neha”;

The above query will show the result of a particular employee named “Neha”.

Select * from emp order by Salary;

The above query will show all the records of table emp according to ascending order of column Salary.

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Performing calculations :

In Base, simple calculations can be done on the data using arithmetic operators. Example:

1) To display the salary of all the employees after incrementing by 1000 then the following SQL command will be executed in Base. (Fields of table Employee are EmployeeID, FirstName, Salary)

Select “EmployeeID”, “FirstName”, “Salary” +1000 from “Employee”;

2) To display the salary of all the employees after decreasing by 10000 then the SQL command will be:

Select “EmployeeID”, “FirstName”, “Salary” – 10000 from “Employee”;

3) To display the salary of all the employees after incrementing it as twice the amount of present salary, then the SQL command will be.

Select “EmployeeID”, “FirstName”, “Salary” * 2 from “Employee”

Update Statement :

Update statement is used for modifying records in a database. The general syntax of the update statement is as follows:
UPDATE <table name> SET <Column name > = value [WHERE <Condition>];

for example :

1) To increase(update) the salary of employee “Neha” by Rs 2000 (in table Employee)then the SQL command will be:

Update Employee set Salary = Salary + 2000 Where FirstName = “Neha”;

Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes Session 5 -:

SESSION 5: CREATE FORMS AND REPORTS USING WIZARD

FORM: A form provides the user with a systematic way of storing information in the database. It is an interface in a user-specified layout that lets users view, enter, and change data directly in database objects such as tables.

Creating Form Using Wizard: Steps To Create Form Using Wizard are :

1) Click Use Wizard to Create Form option under Tasks group. The Form Wizard dialog box appears.

2) Select selective fields to be sent onto the form by selecting the field name and clicking the > button and clicking Next.

3) Select the option Add Subform if you need to insert the contents in the table in a separate form and click Next.

4) Arrange selected fields in a form and click Next.

5) Select the data entry mode and click Next.

6) Specify the styles to be used in the form and click Next.

7) Specify the name of the form. Click Finish.

REPORT: A report helps to display the data in a summarized manner. It is used to generate the overall work outcome in a clear format.

Creating Reports using the wizard: Steps To Create Report Using Wizard are :

1) Click on Use Wizard to Create Report… option available under Tasks.

2) Select all the table fields by selecting the >> button.

3) Redefine the label of the fields in the reports or else you can set the default name and click Next.

4) Define grouping for the fields of the table if required and click Next

5) Sort the field in the report by selecting the appropriate field name and sorting method(if required) and click Next.

6) Select the layout of the report and click Next.

7) Define a name for the report and click Finish.

So by now, we have completed the Relational Database Management System Class 10 Notes. I hope it really helped you prepare for your class 10 IT 402 exams.

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Thanks for reading till the very end, we will see you in the next unit notes.